merge sort

Merge sort is a popular sorting algorithm that utilizes the “divide and conquer” approach. In this algorithm, an array is divided into two halves recursively until each half contains only one element. Then, the sorted subarrays are merged to form a single sorted array. Let’s take an example to understand how merge sort works. Suppose we have an array: [4, 3, 1, 2] We first divide the array into two halves:...