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How to Parse JSON with Node.js

How to Parse JSON with Node.js

In this blog post, we will explore how to parse JSON data in Node.js. Whether you have JSON data as a string or in a file, we will cover both scenarios.

Parsing JSON from a String

To parse JSON from a string in Node.js, you can use the JSON.parse method. This method is available in JavaScript since ECMAScript 5 and is provided by V8, the JavaScript engine that powers Node.js.

Here’s an example:

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const data = '{ "name": "Flavio", "age": 35 }';

try {
  const user = JSON.parse(data);
} catch (err) {
  console.error(err);
}

Please note that JSON.parse is synchronous, meaning that it blocks program execution until the JSON is finished parsing. If your JSON file is large and you want to process it asynchronously, you can wrap it in a promise and use a setTimeout call to ensure the parsing occurs in the next iteration of the event loop.

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const parseJsonAsync = (jsonString) => {
  return new Promise((resolve) => {
    setTimeout(() => {
      resolve(JSON.parse(jsonString));
    });
  });
}

const data = '{ "name": "Flavio", "age": 35 }';
parseJsonAsync(data).then((jsonData) => console.log(jsonData));

Reading JSON from a File

If your JSON data is stored in a file, you need to read the file first. One simple way to do this is by using the require() function.

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const data = require('./file.json');

By using the .json extension in the file name, Node.js automatically parses the JSON and stores it in the data object. Please note that file reading using require() is synchronous, and the result of the require() call is cached. Therefore, if you update the file, you won’t get the new contents until the program exits. However, this caching feature can be useful for using a JSON file for app configuration.

Alternatively, you can read the file manually using the fs.readFileSync function.

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const fs = require('fs');
const fileContents = fs.readFileSync('./file.json', 'utf8');

try {
  const data = JSON.parse(fileContents);
} catch (err) {
  console.error(err);
}

This method reads the file synchronously. If you prefer an asynchronous approach, you can use fs.readFile. This method provides the file contents as a callback, allowing you to process the JSON data inside the callback.

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const fs = require('fs');

fs.readFile('/path/to/file.json', 'utf8', (err, fileContents) => {
  if (err) {
    console.error(err);
    return;
  }
  
  try {
    const data = JSON.parse(fileContents);
  } catch (err) {
    console.error(err);
  }
});

By following these methods, you can easily parse JSON data in Node.js, whether it’s from a string or a file. Enjoy coding with JSON!

tags: [“Node.js”, “JSON parsing”, “JSON file”, “JavaScript”]